MOSFET System Selection Guide for Logistics Robots (AGVs/AMRs)

VBsemi's high-efficiency power device solutions enabled unmanned handling systems to achieve high torque, long range, and high reliability.

With the development of smart warehousing, flexible manufacturing, and unmanned delivery, AGV/AMR unmanned transport vehicles are being upgraded from simple path transport equipment to mobile robot platforms that integrate driving, navigation, sensing, charging, safety protection, and intelligent scheduling.

In this process, motor drive efficiency, battery energy utilization, transient overcurrent withstand capability, and overall thermal management capability all directly affect the AGV/AMR's endurance, load capacity, operational stability, and maintenance costs. MOSFETs, as core power devices in the power system, battery main circuit, charging protection, regenerative braking, and auxiliary load control, need to simultaneously meet requirements such as low conduction loss, high current capability, high voltage withstand margin, compact packaging, and reliable heat dissipation.

For 48V, 60V, 72V and 200V AGV/AMR system platforms, VBsemi has launched MOSFET selection solutions covering main traction drive, battery main switch, hydraulic pump, charging protection, regenerative braking and auxiliary systems to build an efficient, stable and compact power link for logistics robots.

I. Analysis of the Core Power Link of AGV/AMR

A typical AGV/AMR unmanned transport vehicle usually includes the following power modules:

Main traction motor controller: responsible for hub motors, differential drives or servo drives, and is the largest power consumption unit in the whole vehicle.

Lifting mechanism and hydraulic pump drive: Used for fork lifting, Carrier Lifting, traction mechanisms, or hydraulic actuation systems, and requires high peak current capability.

Battery main switch and hot-swap protection: Responsible for the on/off of the 72V battery main circuit, pre-charge, hot-swap and electronic fuse protection.

Charging input protection: Used for protection of the charging pile input terminal, reverse connection protection, surge suppression, and charging circuit.

Braking energy recovery: Path control of the energy fed back from the motor to improve driving range and reduce braking heat loss.

Steering, brake and auxiliary actuators: including steering motor, brake, solenoid valve, fan, sensor and other external loads.

VBsemi can provide a one-stop device solution for AGV/AMR, from the main power circuit to low-voltage auxiliary power supply, by combining MOSFETs with different voltage ratings, package types, and on-resistance levels.

II. MOSFET Selection Table for AGV/AMR

III. Main traction motor controller: VBGQA1805

80V / 120A / 4.5mΩ, for 48V and 72V main drive platforms

The main traction motor controller of AGV/AMR typically adopts a three-phase inverter structure to provide power to hub motors, differential motors, or servo motors. This module needs to frequently withstand conditions such as acceleration, climbing, emergency stops, and heavy-load starts, which places high demands on the conduction losses, switching efficiency, and thermal performance of the MOSFETs.

The VBGQA1805 is packaged in a DFN8 (5×6) package and features 80V withstand voltage, 120A continuous current capability, and an ultra-low on-resistance of 4.5mΩ. Its SGT process helps reduce conduction losses during high-current drive processes and is suitable for main traction motor controllers on 48V, 60V, and 72V platforms.

For hub-drive and differential drive systems, the VBGQA1805 helps reduce axle arm temperature rise, improves the continuous output capability of the motor controller, and provides a more stable power base for the vehicle's climbing, loading, and long-term operation.

IV. Lifting and Hydraulic Pump Drive: VBGED160

60V / 270A / 1.2mΩ, low on-resistance to handle high peak loads.

In forklifts, hydraulic pumps, electric actuators, and high-load actuators, systems often need to output large currents for short periods of time. These operating conditions not only place high demands on the current-carrying capacity of MOSFETs but also require low RDS(on) to reduce heat loss.

The VBGED1601 is packaged in an LFPAK56 and features a 60V withstand voltage, 270A current capability, and an ultra-low on-resistance of 1.2mΩ. This device is suitable for applications in 48V–60V lifting mechanisms, electro-hydraulic pumps, and high-current actuator drive modules.

Ultra-low on-resistance can significantly reduce power loss during high-current operation, reduce the pressure on heat sinks and copper foil areas, and help improve the response speed, continuous load capacity and overall power density of AGV/AMR lifting systems.

V. Battery main circuit and hot-swap protection: VBGQA1802 + VBGP1803

Low-loss main switch and high heat dissipation protection scheme

The 72V battery platform is a common solution for medium and large AGVs/AMRs. The main battery circuit undertakes important tasks such as power supply, pre-charging, emergency stop, short circuit protection, and hot-swapping for the entire vehicle, which places higher demands on the voltage withstand capability, current capacity, and heat dissipation design of the components.

1. Battery main switch: VBGQA1802

The VBGQA1802 is packaged in a DFN8 (5×6) package and features 80V withstand voltage, 180A current capability, and a low on-resistance of 1.9mΩ. This device is suitable for use in 72V battery main switches, main power circuits, and precharge control circuits.

Low conduction loss helps reduce the voltage drop in the main circuit, improve battery energy utilization, and reduce temperature rise during long-term operation, thus supporting the vehicle's range and stability.

2. Hot-swappable/electronic fuse: VBGP1803

The VBGP1803 is packaged in a TO247 package and features an 80V withstand voltage, 215A current capability, and 2.9mΩ on-resistance. The TO247 package offers a larger heat dissipation area and higher thermal capacity, making it suitable for hot-swappable circuits, electronic fuses, high-current protection, and high-power main circuit control.

In scenarios such as battery insertion/removal, startup surges, load changes, and abnormal short circuits, the VBGP1803 can provide the system with greater current and heat dissipation margin, making it easier for engineers to build more reliable protection circuits.

VI. Charging Protection and Braking Energy Recovery: 200V Platform Dual-Component  Combination

With the voltage upgrade of AGV/AMR platforms, the charging input and braking recovery paths often require higher voltage-rated MOSFETs to cover surges, voltage spikes, and high-voltage feedback energy.

1. Charging input protection: VBM1202N

The VBM1202N is packaged in a TO220 package and features 200V withstand voltage, 80A current capability, and 17mΩ on-resistance. It is suitable for charging port protection, reverse connection protection, input surge suppression, and high-voltage switch control.

When an external charging device is connected, the charging input may face risks such as reverse connection, surges, voltage instability, and abnormal current. The VBM1202N provides a high voltage margin for the charging path, helping to improve the reliability of the charging interface.

2. Braking energy recovery: VBMB1202N

The VBMB1202N is packaged in a TO220F insulated package and features a 200V withstand voltage, 65A current capability, and 17mΩ on-resistance. This device is suitable for applications such as Braking energy recovery, motor back EMF absorption, and high-voltage isolated power paths.

The TO220F insulating package facilitates safety design and heatsink installation, reduces the complexity of auxiliary structures such as insulating sheets, and is suitable for AGV/AMR braking systems that require electrical isolation and system safety.

To meet the market demand for continuous upgrades in smart warehousing, flexible manufacturing, and unmanned transport equipment, VBsemi will continue to improve its product portfolio of low and medium voltage MOSFETs, SiC, and GaN power devices, providing high-efficiency, high-reliability, and high-power-density system-level selection support for applications such as main traction drive, battery management, lifting execution, charging protection, energy recovery, and auxiliary power supply for AGV/AMR unmanned transport vehicles.