MOS管在電動車窗開關上的應用，提高使用壽命和安全性

MOS管在電動車窗開關上的應用，提高使用壽命和安全性

Enhancing Durability and Safety with MOSFETs in Electric Window Switches

隨著科技的不斷發展，電動車窗已經成為汽車領域中必不可少的一部分。在電動車窗的關鍵部位——開關中，MOS管佔據著非常重要的位置。電動車窗開關分為功率型和信號型兩種，其中功率型電動車窗開關直接控制車窗電動機，信號型則是先向汽車車身控制模組（Body Control module,BCM）提供信號，再由BCM驅動電動車窗。

With the continuous development of technology, electric windows have become an indispensable part of the automotive industry. In the key part of electric windows - the switch, MOSFETs occupy a very important position. Electric window switches are divided into power type and signal type. The power type electric window switch directly controls the window motor, while the signal type provides a signal to the Body Control Module (BCM) of the car body, and then the BCM drives the electric window.

由於BCM成本較高，出於成本控制方面的考慮，功率型電動車窗開關成本更細，使用便利，因此在汽車領域的應用中，選擇使用功率型電動車窗開關成為了首選。

Due to the high cost of BCM, for cost control considerations, the power type electric window switch is more cost-effective and convenient to use, and has become the preferred choice in the automotive field.

然而，電動車窗系統的繼電器可能存在出點燒毀的風險。在繼電器開關的過程中，觸電之間存在著反電動勢，產生電弧。為了解決這一問題，需要保證在開合繼電器時，觸電間的電勢差為零，電壓為零。而觸電間要保持電勢差不變，條件是繼電器必須要一個斷路中進行工作，這時線路中可以通過添加電子開關來達到想要效果。

However, there may be a risk of burning the contact point of the relay in the electric window system. During the relay switch process, there is a counter electromotive force between the contacts, which generates an arc. To solve this problem, it is necessary to ensure that the potential difference between the contacts is zero and the voltage is zero when opening and closing the relay. To maintain the potential difference between the contacts, the relay must work in a broken circuit. An electronic switch can be added to the circuit to achieve the desired effect.

在電動車窗的應用中，採用MOSFET場效應管作為電子開關。當MOS管將回路斷開時，繼電器才開始工作，此時及電磁觸電不產生電勢差。電動車窗原理圖如下所示。

In the application of electric windows, MOSFETs are used as electronic switches. When the MOSFET disconnects the circuit, the relay starts to work, and there is no potential difference between the electromagnetic contacts, so no potential difference is generated during the closing of the relay switch. The electric window schematic diagram is shown below.

【電動車窗原理圖】

[Electric window schematic diagram]

在選用MOSFET參數時，需要注意其性能要求稍高，且馬達的反峰電壓會對MOS管產生影響，需要MOS管有一定的耐壓能力。採用MOS管參數為：Vds=60V;Id（Tc=25℃）=55A;Id（Tc=100℃）=34.8A；脈衝電壓≤400V；Tj=-55~+150℃。可採用的VBsemi微碧產品型號有VBM1602、VBM1603、VBM1606、VBM1615、VBM1638等。VBsemi微碧產品型號參數圖如下所示。

When selecting MOSFET parameters, it is necessary to pay attention to the slightly higher performance requirements, and the reverse peak voltage of the motor will affect the MOSFET and require the MOSFET to have a certain voltage resistance. The MOSFET parameters used are: Vds = 60V; Id (Tc = 25℃) = 55A; Id (Tc = 100℃) = 34.8A; pulse voltage ≤ 400V; Tj = -55 ~ +150℃. The available VBsemi VBsemi product models include VBM1602, VBM1603, VBM1606, VBM1615, VBM1638, etc. The VBsemi product model parameter diagram is shown below.

【VBsemi微碧產品型號參數圖】

[VBsemi product model parameter diagram]

微碧半導體企業主要產品的封裝有：SOP-8、TO-220（F）、TO-263、TO-247、TO-252、TO-251、SOT-23、SOT-223、SOT-89、QFN等系列封裝產線。

The main product packaging of VBsemi Semiconductor includes SOP-8, TO-220 (F), TO-263, TO-247, TO-252, TO-251, SOT-23, SOT-223, SOT-89, QFN and other series of packaging production lines.

微碧半導體的產品廣泛應用於3C數碼、安防設備、測量儀器、廣電教育、家用電器、軍工/航太、可穿戴設備、汽車電子、網路通信、物聯網IoT、新能源、醫療電子、照明電子、智能家居、電腦主板顯卡、MID\UMPC、GPS、藍牙耳機、PDVD、車載DVD、汽車音箱、液晶顯示器、移動電源、手機電池（鋰電池保護板）、LED電源等產品。微碧半導體有限公司以飽滿的激情，拼搏務實的幹勁，不斷創新進取，致力於為客戶群體打造出一座高效、便捷、直通、優質的服務橋樑。

VBsemi Semiconductor products are widely used in 3C digital, security equipment, measuring instruments, radio and television education, home appliances, military/aerospace, wearable devices, automotive electronics, network communication, Internet of Things IoT, new energy, medical electronics, lighting electronics, smart home, computer motherboard graphics card, MID\UMPC, GPS, Bluetooth headset, PDVD, car DVD, car speaker, LCD display, mobile power supply, mobile phone battery (lithium battery protection board), LED power supply and other products. VBsemi Semiconductor Co., Ltd. is full of passion, practical and enterprising, constantly innovating and striving to build an efficient, convenient, direct and high-quality service bridge for customers.

微碧部分MOS管產品封裝圖如下所示。

The packaging diagram of some MOSFET products of VBsemi is shown below.

【微碧部分MOS管產品封裝圖】

[VBsemi MOSFET product packaging diagram]

總之，MOS管在電動車窗開關上的應用，可以有效地解決繼電器開關中存在的電勢差問題，保證電動車窗的正常工作。而選用合適的MOSFET參數和型號，以及適當的封裝，也能夠保證MOS管在電動車窗中的穩定性和可靠性，提高電動車窗的使用壽命和安全性。

In summary, the application of MOSFETs in electric window switches can effectively solve the potential difference problem in relay switches and ensure the normal operation of electric windows. Choosing suitable MOSFET parameters and models, as well as appropriate packaging, can also ensure the stability and reliability of MOSFETs in electric windows, improve the service life and safety of electric windows.