graph LR
subgraph "輸入濾波與整流"
A["85-265VAC輸入"] --> B["EMI濾波器"]
B --> C["整流橋"]
C --> D["高壓直流母線 \n ~400VDC"]
end
subgraph "准諧振反激拓撲"
D --> E["變壓器初級 \n 繞組"]
E --> F["主開關節點"]
subgraph "主開關與保護"
G["VBI165R01 \n 650V/1A SOT89"]
H["RCD鉗位電路 \n 吸收漏感能量"]
I["Vgs保護 \n 柵極電阻+TVS"]
end
F --> G
G --> J["初級地"]
H --> F
I --> G
K["PWM控制器 \n (帶QR功能)"] --> L["柵極驅動器"]
L --> G
end
subgraph "回饋與控制"
M["輔助繞組"] --> N["電壓檢測"]
M --> O["穀底檢測"]
N --> K
O --> K
P["光耦隔離"] --> K
Q["次級電壓回饋"] --> P
end
style G fill:#e8f5e8,stroke:#4caf50,stroke-width:2px
同步整流與輸出級拓撲詳圖
graph TB
subgraph "同步整流電路"
A["變壓器次級繞組"] --> B["整流節點"]
subgraph "同步整流MOSFET"
C["VBGQF1606 \n 60V/50A DFN8 \n Rds(on)=6.5mΩ"]
end
B --> C
C --> D["輸出濾波電感"]
D --> E["輸出濾波電容"]
E --> F["直流輸出 \n 5-20VDC"]
G["同步整流控制器"] --> H["負壓驅動器 \n (防止共通)"]
H --> C
I["體二極體導通電平檢測"] --> G
B --> I
end
subgraph "輸出濾波與保護"
F --> J["π型濾波"]
J --> K["TVS保護 \n 過壓鉗位"]
K --> L["輸出端口"]
M["輸出電流檢測"] --> N["過流比較器"]
N --> O["故障信號"]
O --> G
O --> PWM_CTRL["初級PWM控制器"]
end
subgraph "PCB散熱設計"
P["DFN8散熱焊盤"] --> Q["大面積敷銅"]
Q --> R["散熱過孔陣列"]
R --> S["內層/背面銅層"]
S --> T["環境散熱"]
end
style C fill:#e3f2fd,stroke:#2196f3,stroke-width:2px
電池管理與均衡拓撲詳圖
graph LR
subgraph "雙MOSFET電池開關"
A["直流輸入"] --> B["充電路徑"]
A --> C["放電路徑"]
subgraph "VBQD5222U集成開關"
D["P溝道 \n Vds=-20V Id=-4A"]
E["N溝道 \n Vds=20V Id=5.9A"]
end
B --> D
C --> E
D --> F["電池正極"]
E --> F
G["BMS控制晶片"] --> H["互補驅動電路"]
H --> D
H --> E
end
subgraph "多節電池組與均衡"
F --> BAT_PACK["鋰電池組"]
subgraph "4串電池示例"
CELL1["電芯1 \n 3.0-4.2V"]
CELL2["電芯2 \n 3.0-4.2V"]
CELL3["電芯3 \n 3.0-4.2V"]
CELL4["電芯4 \n 3.0-4.2V"]
end
CELL1 --> CELL2 --> CELL3 --> CELL4
CELL4 --> BAT_GND["電池地"]
subgraph "主動均衡電路"
BAL_SW1["均衡開關1"]
BAL_SW2["均衡開關2"]
BAL_SW3["均衡開關3"]
BAL_RES["均衡電阻"]
end
G --> BAL_SW1
G --> BAL_SW2
G --> BAL_SW3
BAL_SW1 --> CELL1
BAL_SW2 --> CELL2
BAL_SW3 --> CELL3
BAL_SW1 --> BAL_RES
BAL_SW2 --> BAL_RES
BAL_SW3 --> BAL_RES
BAL_RES --> BAT_GND
end
subgraph "保護與檢測"
I["電壓檢測電路"] --> J["ADC輸入"]
K["電流檢測電阻"] --> L["運放放大"]
M["溫度感測器"] --> N["溫度監控"]
J --> G
L --> G
N --> G
O["保護邏輯"] --> P["故障輸出"]
G --> O
end
style D fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ff9800,stroke-width:2px
style E fill:#fff3e0,stroke:#ff9800,stroke-width:2px
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