Application of MOS tube in H-bridge circuit

As an important power electronic topology, the H-bridge circuit plays a key role in many fields. It is commonly used in motor drive systems, inverters, power management systems and other fields . The H-bridge circuit can achieve voltage inversion and forward and reverse control of the motor, providing a flexible and efficient power control solution, so it is widely used in industrial control, automotive electronics, new energy fields, etc.

 The role of MOS tube in H-bridge circuit

MOSFET plays the role of power switch in H-bridge circuit. In H-bridge circuit, MOSFET is used to control the direction and magnitude of current, and realize the functions of forward and reverse rotation of motor and voltage inversion.

Application of MOS tube in H-bridge circuit

The MOS tube H bridge circuit diagram is as follows

 Use 4 N-type MOS tubes, or 2 N-type MOS tubes and 2 P-type MOS tubes to design a circuit in the shape of the letter H with a motor connected in the middle.

The drains of the two MOS tubes Q1 and Q2 are connected to the power supply VCC, and the sources of the two MOS tubes Q3 and Q4 are connected to the power supply GND.

The gates of these four MOS tubes are connected to the external signals PWM1, PWM2, PWM3 and PWM4.

Working principle:

PWM1 controls Q1 to turn on, and PWM4 controls Q4 to turn on

PWM2 controls Q2 to turn off, and PWM3 controls Q3 to turn off.

The two terminal power supply polarities of the motor are: positive on the left and negative on the right, and the motor rotates forward ;

in turn

PWM2 controls Q2 to turn on, and PWM3 controls Q3 to turn on

PWM1 controls Q1 to turn off, and PWM4 controls Q4 to turn off.

The power polarity of the two terminal blocks of the motor is: positive on the right and negative on the left, and the motor is reverse .

Please note here: The gate control signal PWM of the MOS tube may not come directly from the output of the microcontroller, but may come from a peripheral gate driver chip.

There are also dedicated motor drive chip circuit designs for motor drive circuit design solutions. They are usually chips developed and designed specifically for the application field of motor drive circuits.

What are the characteristics of the H-bridge circuit solution of MOS tube?

The maximum operating voltage and maximum operating current of the motor drive of the H-bridge circuit of the MOS tube depend on the maximum operating voltage and maximum operating current of the MOS tube used in actual application.

MOS tube working voltage

The coverage is wide, ranging from 20~30V to 80~120V and even up to 1000V.

MOS tube working current

The coverage is also wide, ranging from the smallest 1A to 200A.

 The circuit power that the H-bridge circuit of the MOS tube can withstand is greater than that of the dedicated motor driver chip, so the types of projects in which it can be used are more complete.

Key points for selecting MOS tubes:

1. Appropriate voltage resistance to ensure that MOSFET works stably in the system;

2. Lower on-resistance can reduce power loss and improve efficiency;

3. Faster switching speed, effectively reducing temperature rise and improving system performance;

4. Consider MOSFET thermal resistance and heat dissipation capacity to ensure stable operation under high load;

By reasonably selecting and applying MOSFET, the role of the H-bridge circuit can be fully utilized. Here we can recommend VBsemi's MOS tubes, such as model VBL1615, VBL1606, and various models. Various parameters meet different needs and can achieve high-efficiency and stable power control solutions. Its superior performance characteristics provide strong support for various application scenarios.

Some of the above pictures and information are from the Internet